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Roof Crush Tests
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| leading to dangerously weak roofs. Alternative tests (drop and dolly test) can help show how roofs will perform in real world rollovers. |
Standard 216 test
The federal roof-crush resistance test required is called the "216" test.
| 1. A vehicle is placed on a flat surface. | 2. A flat, steel rectangular shaped plate is pushed into the vehicle's roof structure. | 3. The plate us applies one and a half times the unloaded weight of the vehicle onto the roof. |
| 4. During the test, the plate is angled, positioned and shifted to simulate vehicle-to-ground contact on the roof over the front seat area. | 5. The plate is placed at various locations on the vehicle's roof, depending upon the slope of the vehicle's roof to put stress on the roof over the front seat. | 6. A vehicle complies if the roof crush is less than 5 inches before the maximum pressure is applied. |
Inverted Drop Test
This test is a better indicator of A-pillar performance.
| 1. A vehicle is suspended upside down by steel cables. | 2. The cables are adjusted for a specific angle to concentrate force on the key A-pillar, which supports the windshield. | 3. The drop height varies from a few inches to a few feet, depending on the force required. |
Dolly Test
Automakers have the option of using the dolly test instead of the current 216 test, but few if any use it.
| 1. A vehicle is placed on a sled inclined at a 23-degree angle and is accelerated to 30 mph. | 2. The sled comes to a sudden and complete stop. | 3. The test vehicle is forced over a 4-inch block and forced into a rollover. | 4. Test dummies inside the vehicle are measured for injuries as the vehicle rolls several times. | 5. The roof crush measured in this test will more closely replicate real world rollovers. |
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